Holiday guide
Public holidays, bank holidays and observances: what is the difference?
A practical guide to the labels used in holiday calendars and what they may mean for work, schools and public services.
Holiday terminology is not identical around the world. A date described as a public holiday in one country may be called a bank holiday, statutory holiday or national holiday elsewhere.
Public holidays
A public holiday is officially recognised by a national or regional authority. Many offices and public institutions close, but the exact rules for employees and businesses depend on local law.
Bank holidays
The term originally referred to days when banks closed. It is still commonly used in the United Kingdom and Ireland, although shops, transport and hospitality may continue operating.
Observances
An observance marks a cultural, religious or historical occasion without necessarily creating a day off work. Always check the scope shown in the calendar and confirm arrangements with your employer or local authority.